- Yi amfani da hanyar nuna ƙaramin abu don gabatar da sigogin fasaha naƙwayoyin kayaHanyar gargajiya ita ce amfani da ƙaramin ma'aunin abu. Fa'idar ita ce ma'anar zahiri a bayyane take, kuma an yi amfani da ita tsawon shekaru da yawa, kuma mutane da yawa sun saba da ita. Yanzu mun lissafa manyan abubuwanta kamar haka: *Ƙimar iyaka ta sama ta kewayon aunawa da masana'anta masu ƙima suka bayar.
* An ƙima fitarwa (hankali)
Bambanci tsakanin siginar fitarwa na firikwensin lokacin da aka yi amfani da nauyin da aka kimanta da kuma lokacin da babu kaya. Tunda siginar fitarwa na ƙwayar kaya tana da alaƙa da ƙarfin motsawar da aka yi amfani da shi, ana bayyana naúrar fitarwa mai ƙima a cikin mV/V. Kuma a kira shi da hankali.
*Juriyar Jin Daɗi
Kashi na bambanci tsakanin ainihin fitowar firikwensin da fitarwa mai dacewa da fitarwa mai dacewa da fitarwa mai lamba. Misali, ainihin fitarwa mai ƙimar ƙwayar kaya shine 2.002mV/V, kuma fitarwa mai dacewa da ƙimar daidai ita ce 2mV/V, to haƙurin amsawar sa shine: ((2.002)–2.000)/2.000) *100%=0.1%
*Nlayi-layi
Matsakaicin karkacewa tsakanin layin madaidaiciya da aka ƙaddara ta ƙimar fitarwa ta rashin kaya da ƙimar fitarwa a ƙimar da aka kimanta da kuma lanƙwasa da aka auna na ƙaruwar kaya shine kashi na ƙimar fitarwa da aka kimanta.
*RagewaTrashin haƙuri
A hankali ana lodawa daga babu kaya zuwa ga ƙimar kaya sannan a hankali ana sauke su. Kashi na matsakaicin bambanci tsakanin fitarwa da fitarwa a daidai wurin kaya zuwa ƙimar fitarwa da aka kimanta.
* MaimaitawaEmatsala
A ƙarƙashin yanayin muhalli iri ɗaya, a maimaita ɗora firikwensin zuwa ga nauyin da aka kimanta sannan a sauke shi. Kashi na matsakaicin bambancin ƙimar fitarwa a daidai wurin ɗaukar kaya yayin aiwatar da lodi zuwa fitarwa mai ƙimar.
*Cciyayi
Idan nauyin ya kasance mai daidaito (galibi ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin nauyin da aka ƙididdige) da sauran yanayin gwaji ba su canza ba, kashi na fitowar ƙwayar kaya yana canzawa akan lokaci zuwa fitarwa mai ƙididdigewa.
* SifiliOfitarwa
A ƙarƙashin shawarar ƙarfin lantarki, ƙimar fitarwa na firikwensin shine kashi na fitarwa da aka kimanta lokacin da ba a yi amfani da kaya ba.
* Rufe fuskaRjuriya
Ƙimar juriyar DC tsakanin da'irar firikwensin da elastomer.
*Ishigarwar nputRjuriya
Lokacin da tashar fitarwa ta siginar take buɗe da'ira kuma ba a ɗora firikwensin ba, ana auna ƙimar impedance daga tashar shigar da wutar lantarki.
* Impedance na Fitarwa
An auna impedance daga tashar fitarwa ta siginar lokacin da tashar shigar da wutar lantarki ta yi gajeriyar hanya kuma ba a ɗora firikwensin ba.
*Zafin jikiCdiyyaRange
A cikin wannan kewayon zafin jiki, ana ramawa sosai ga fitarwa da daidaiton sifili na firikwensin don kada ya wuce iyakar da aka ƙayyade.
*TasirinZeroTdaular
Canje-canje a cikin daidaiton sifili wanda canje-canje a yanayin zafi na yanayi ke haifarwa. Gabaɗaya, ana bayyana shi a matsayin kashi na canjin daidaiton sifili zuwa fitarwa mai ƙima lokacin da zafin jiki ya canza da 10K.
*TasirinRan yi masaOfitarwaTdaular
Canjin fitarwa mai ƙima wanda canjin zafin jiki na yanayi ya haifar.
Gabaɗaya, ana bayyana shi a matsayin kashi na ƙimar da aka ƙididdige na canjin fitarwa da aka ƙididdige wanda kowace canjin zafin jiki na 10K ya haifar.
*AikiTdaularRange
Na'urar firikwensin ba za ta haifar da canje-canje masu cutarwa na dindindin a cikin kowane sigogin aikinta a cikin wannan kewayon zafin jiki ba
2. Kalmomin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin "Shawarar Ƙasashen Duniya Lamba OIML60". Dangane da bugu na 1992 na "Shawarar Ƙasashen Duniya ta OIML Lamba 60", suna nufin sabbin sigogin fasaha na "Dokokin Tabbatar da Tantance Nauyin JJG669--90":
* LodaCellOfitarwa
Ana iya auna ma'aunin (nauyi) da aka samu ta hanyar juyawar ƙwayar kayan aiki.
*Kammala KaratuVal'adarLkwarin ruwaCell
Girman sashi ɗaya bayan an auna ma'aunin ƙwayar kayan aiki an raba shi zuwa sassa daidai.
* TabbatarwaDivisionVal'adarLkwarin ruwaCell (V)
Don manufar daidaiton ma'auni, ana amfani da ƙimar sikelin ƙwayar nauyin da aka bayyana a cikin raka'o'in taro a cikin gwajin ƙwayar nauyin.
*MmuguntaVtsarkakewaDivisionVal'adar taLkwarin ruwaCell (Vmin)
Za a iya raba kewayon aunawa na ƙwayar kaya ta hanyar ƙimar rabon tabbatarwa mafi ƙaranci.
* Mafi ƙaranciStaticLoad (Fsmin)
Mafi ƙarancin ƙimar nauyi da za a iya amfani da shi ga ƙwayar kaya ba tare da wuce matsakaicin kuskuren da aka yarda ba.
*Mafi girmaWeghing
Matsakaicin ƙimar nauyi da za a iya amfani da shi ga ƙwayar kaya ba tare da wuce matsakaicin kuskuren da aka yarda ba.
* Ba layi ɗaya ba (L)
Bambanci tsakanin lanƙwasa daidaitawar tsari na tantanin kaya da layin madaidaiciya na ka'ida.
*RagewaEmatsala (H)
Bambanci mafi girma tsakanin karatun fitarwa na ƙwayar kayan aiki idan aka yi amfani da matakin kaya iri ɗaya; ɗaya daga cikinsu shine karatun tsari wanda ya fara daga ƙaramin nauyin da ba ya canzawa, ɗayan kuma shine karatun dawowa wanda ya fara daga matsakaicin nauyin.
*Creep (Cp)
Idan nauyin ya kasance mai daidaito kuma duk yanayin muhalli da sauran masu canji suma suna da daidaito, canjin cikakken fitowar nauyin ƙwayar kaya akan lokaci.
* Mafi ƙaranciStaticLkwarin ruwaOfitarwaRmuhalliPlant (CrFsmin)
Kafin a yi amfani da kayan 1. Lokacin gabatar da sigogin fasaha na ƙwayar kaya tare da hanyar wakiltar ƙaramin abu, hanyar gargajiya ita ce amfani da ƙaramin abu. Amfanin shine cewa ma'anar zahiri a bayyane take, kuma an yi amfani da ita tsawon shekaru da yawa, kuma mutane da yawa sun saba da ita. Yanzu mun lissafa manyan abubuwanta kamar haka: *Ƙimar iyaka ta sama ta kewayon aunawa da masana'anta mai ƙima ta bayar.
*An ƙimaOfitarwa (hankali)
Bambanci tsakanin siginar fitarwa na firikwensin lokacin da aka yi amfani da nauyin da aka kimanta da kuma lokacin da babu kaya. Tunda siginar fitarwa na ƙwayar kaya tana da alaƙa da ƙarfin motsawar da aka yi amfani da shi, ana bayyana naúrar fitarwa mai ƙima a cikin mV/V. Kuma a kira shi da hankali.
*Juriyar Jin Daɗi
Kashi na bambanci tsakanin ainihin fitowar firikwensin da fitarwa mai dacewa da fitarwa mai dacewa da fitarwa mai lamba. Misali, ainihin fitarwa mai ƙimar ƙwayar kaya shine 2.002mV/V, kuma fitarwa mai dacewa da ƙimar daidai ita ce 2mV/V, to haƙurin amsawar sa shine: ((2.002)–2.000)/2.000) *100%=0.1%
*Nlayi-layi
Matsakaicin karkacewa tsakanin layin madaidaiciya da aka ƙaddara ta ƙimar fitarwa ta rashin kaya da ƙimar fitarwa a ƙimar da aka kimanta da kuma lanƙwasa da aka auna na ƙaruwar kaya shine kashi na ƙimar fitarwa da aka kimanta.
*RagewaTrashin haƙuri
A hankali ana lodawa daga babu kaya zuwa ga ƙimar kaya sannan a hankali ana sauke su. Kashi na matsakaicin bambanci tsakanin fitarwa da fitarwa a daidai wurin kaya zuwa ƙimar fitarwa da aka kimanta.
* MaimaitawaEmatsala
A ƙarƙashin yanayin muhalli iri ɗaya, a maimaita ɗora firikwensin zuwa ga nauyin da aka kimanta sannan a sauke shi. Kashi na matsakaicin bambancin ƙimar fitarwa a daidai wurin ɗaukar kaya yayin aiwatar da lodi zuwa fitarwa mai ƙimar.
*Cciyayi
Idan nauyin ya kasance mai daidaito (galibi ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin nauyin da aka ƙididdige) da sauran yanayin gwaji ba su canza ba, kashi na fitowar ƙwayar kaya yana canzawa akan lokaci zuwa fitarwa mai ƙididdigewa.
* SifiliOfitarwa
A ƙarƙashin shawarar ƙarfin lantarki, ƙimar fitarwa na firikwensin shine kashi na fitarwa da aka kimanta lokacin da ba a yi amfani da kaya ba.
* Rufe fuskaRjuriya
Ƙimar juriyar DC tsakanin da'irar firikwensin da elastomer.
*Ishigarwar nputRjuriya
Lokacin da tashar fitarwa ta siginar take buɗe da'ira kuma ba a ɗora firikwensin ba, ana auna ƙimar impedance daga tashar shigar da wutar lantarki.
* Impedance na Fitarwa
An auna impedance daga tashar fitarwa ta siginar lokacin da tashar shigar da wutar lantarki ta yi gajeriyar hanya kuma ba a ɗora firikwensin ba.
*Zafin jikiCdiyyaRange
A cikin wannan kewayon zafin jiki, ana ramawa sosai ga fitarwa da daidaiton sifili na firikwensin don kada ya wuce iyakar da aka ƙayyade.
*TasirinZeroTdaular
Canje-canje a cikin daidaiton sifili wanda canje-canje a yanayin zafi na yanayi ke haifarwa. Gabaɗaya, ana bayyana shi a matsayin kashi na canjin daidaiton sifili zuwa fitarwa mai ƙima lokacin da zafin jiki ya canza da 10K.
*TasirinRan yi masaOfitarwaTdaular
Canjin fitarwa mai ƙima wanda canjin zafin jiki na yanayi ya haifar.
Gabaɗaya, ana bayyana shi a matsayin kashi na ƙimar da aka ƙididdige na canjin fitarwa da aka ƙididdige wanda kowace canjin zafin jiki na 10K ya haifar.
*AikiTdaularRange
Na'urar firikwensin ba za ta haifar da canje-canje masu cutarwa na dindindin a cikin kowane sigogin aikinta a cikin wannan kewayon zafin jiki ba
2. Kalmomin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin "Shawarar Ƙasashen Duniya Lamba OIML60". Dangane da bugu na 1992 na "Shawarar Ƙasashen Duniya ta OIML Lamba 60", suna nufin sabbin sigogin fasaha na "Dokokin Tabbatar da Tantance Nauyin JJG669--90":
* LodaCellOfitarwa
Ana iya auna ma'aunin (nauyi) da aka samu ta hanyar juyawar ƙwayar kayan aiki.
*Kammala KaratuVal'adarLkwarin ruwaCell
Girman sashi ɗaya bayan an auna ma'aunin ƙwayar kayan aiki an raba shi zuwa sassa daidai.
* TabbatarwaDivisionVal'adarLkwarin ruwaCell (V)
Don manufar daidaiton ma'auni, ana amfani da ƙimar sikelin ƙwayar nauyin da aka bayyana a cikin raka'o'in taro a cikin gwajin ƙwayar nauyin.
* Auna nauyiSensor* Mafi ƙaranciVtsarkakewaDivisionValue (Vmin)
Mafi ƙarancin ƙimar ma'aunin tabbatarwa da za a iya auna kewayon ma'aunin ƙwayoyin kaya.
* Mafi ƙaranciStaticLoad (Fsmin)
Mafi ƙarancin ƙimar nauyi da za a iya amfani da shi ga ƙwayar kaya ba tare da wuce matsakaicin kuskuren da aka yarda ba.
*Mafi girmaWeghing
Matsakaicin ƙimar nauyi da za a iya amfani da shi ga ƙwayar kaya ba tare da wuce matsakaicin kuskuren da aka yarda ba.
* Ba layi ɗaya ba (L)
Bambanci tsakanin lanƙwasa daidaitawar tsari na tantanin kaya da layin madaidaiciya na ka'ida.
*RagewaEmatsala (H)
Matsakaicin bambanci tsakanin karatun fitarwa na ƙwayar kaya lokacin da aka yi amfani da matakin kaya iri ɗayad. OƊaya daga cikinsu shine karatun tsari wanda ya fara daga ƙaramin nauyin da ba ya canzawa, ɗayan kuma shine karatun dawowa wanda ya fara daga matsakaicin nauyin.
*Creep (Cp)
Idan nauyin ya kasance mai daidaito kuma duk yanayin muhalli da sauran masu canji suma suna da daidaito, canjin cikakken fitowar nauyin ƙwayar kaya akan lokaci.
* Mafi ƙaranciStaticLkwarin ruwaOfitarwaRmuhalliPlant (CrFsmin)
Bambanci tsakanin mafi ƙarancin fitarwa na nauyin da aka ɗauka na ƙwayar nauyin da aka auna kafin da kuma bayan an yi amfani da nauyin.
* MaimaitawaEmatsala (R)
A ƙarƙashin nauyin iri ɗaya da yanayin muhalli iri ɗaya, bambanci tsakanin karatun fitarwa na ƙwayar kayan aiki da aka samu daga gwaje-gwaje da dama a jere.
*ItasirinTmulkin mallaka a kanMmuguntaStaticLkwarin ruwaOfitarwa (Fsmin)
Canjin da ke tsakanin mafi ƙarancin fitarwa na kaya mai tsayayye saboda canjin zafin jiki na yanayi.
*TasirinTmulkin mallaka a kanOfitarwaSsha'awar (St)
Canje-canje a cikin yanayin amsawar fitarwa saboda canje-canje a yanayin zafi.
*AunawaRshekarun Lkwarin ruwaCell
Matsakaicin ƙimar da aka auna (inganci) wanda sakamakon aunawa ba zai wuce matsakaicin kuskuren da aka yarda ba.
*Lafiya lauLyi wa mutane ba'aLkwarin ruwa
Matsakaicin nauyin da za a iya amfani da shi ga ƙwayar kayan aiki. A wannan lokacin, ƙwayar kayan aiki ba za ta samar da raguwar dindindin fiye da ƙimar da aka ƙayyade ba dangane da halayen aiki.
*TasirinTmulkin mallaka daHdanshi a kunneMmuguntaStaticLkwarin ruwaOfitarwa (FsminH)
Canjin mafi ƙarancin fitarwa na kaya mai tsayayye saboda canjin zafin jiki da danshi.
*TasirinTmulkin mallaka daHdanshi a kunneOfitarwaSsha'awar sha'awa
Canje-canje a cikin yanayin amsawar fitarwa saboda canje-canje a yanayin zafi da danshi.
Bugu da ƙari, a cikin "Dokokin Tabbatar da Nauyin Jiki na JJG699-90", an kuma jera sigar fasaha, wato
* Mafi ƙaranciLoad (Fmin)
Ƙimar taro mafi kusa da mafi ƙarancin nauyin da ke tsaye na ƙwayar kayan aiki wanda na'urar samar da ƙarfi za ta iya cimmawa.
Daidai ne saboda ana yin ma'aunin firikwensin koyaushe akan injin aunawa, kuma yana da wuya a auna aikin mafi ƙarancin wurin ɗaukar nauyi mai tsayayye kai tsaye. Wani abu kuma, "OIML60 International Proposal" an tsara shi musamman don ƙwayoyin ɗaukar nauyi, kuma wurin farawa don kimanta ƙwayoyin ɗaukar nauyi shine daidaitawa da buƙatun kayan aikin auna nauyi.
, bayan auna bambanci tsakanin mafi ƙarancin fitarwa na nauyin da ke tsaye na ƙwayar nauyin.
* MaimaitawaEmatsala (R)
A ƙarƙashin nauyin iri ɗaya da yanayin muhalli iri ɗaya, bambanci tsakanin karatun fitarwa na ƙwayar kayan aiki da aka samu daga gwaje-gwaje da dama a jere.
*ItasirinTmulkin mallaka a kanMmuguntaStaticLkwarin ruwaOfitarwa (Fsmin)
Canjin da ke tsakanin mafi ƙarancin fitarwa na kaya mai tsayayye saboda canjin zafin jiki na yanayi.
*TasirinTmulkin mallaka a kanOfitarwaSsha'awar (St)
Canje-canje a cikin yanayin amsawar fitarwa saboda canje-canje a yanayin zafi.
*AunawaRshekarunLkwarin ruwaCell
Matsakaicin ƙimar da aka auna (inganci) wanda sakamakon aunawa ba zai wuce matsakaicin kuskuren da aka yarda ba.
*Lafiya lauLyi wa mutane ba'aLkwarin ruwa
Matsakaicin nauyin da za a iya amfani da shi ga ƙwayar kayan aiki. A wannan lokacin, ƙwayar kayan aiki ba za ta samar da raguwar dindindin fiye da ƙimar da aka ƙayyade ba dangane da halayen aiki.
*TasirinTmulkin mallaka daHdanshi a kunneMmuguntaStaticLkwarin ruwaOfitarwa (FsminH)
Canjin mafi ƙarancin fitarwa na kaya mai tsayayye saboda canjin zafin jiki da danshi.
*TasirinTmulkin mallaka daHdanshi a kunneOfitarwaSsha'awar sha'awa
Canje-canje a cikin yanayin amsawar fitarwa saboda canje-canje a yanayin zafi da danshi.
Bugu da ƙari, a cikin "Dokokin Tabbatar da Nauyin Jiki na JJG699-90", an kuma jera sigar fasaha..
* Mafi ƙaranciLoad (Fmin)
Ƙimar taro mafi kusa da mafi ƙarancin nauyin da ke tsaye na ƙwayar kayan aiki wanda na'urar samar da ƙarfi za ta iya cimmawa.
Daidai ne saboda ana yin ma'aunin firikwensin koyaushe akan injin aunawa, kuma yana da wuya a auna aikin mafi ƙarancin wurin ɗaukar nauyi mai tsayayye kai tsaye. Wani abu kuma, "OIML60 International Proposal" an tsara shi musamman don ƙwayoyin ɗaukar nauyi, kuma wurin farawa don kimanta ƙwayoyin ɗaukar nauyi shine daidaitawa da buƙatun kayan aikin auna nauyi.
Lokacin Saƙo: Maris-30-2023